What Is Peripheral Artery Disease?
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a common circulatory condition in which narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs — most often the legs. It is caused by a buildup of fatty deposits (plaque) in the artery walls, a process known as atherosclerosis. PAD affects approximately 8 to 12 million Americans, yet many go undiagnosed because symptoms develop gradually.
Recognizing the Warning Signs
Many people dismiss early PAD symptoms as normal aging, but knowing what to look for can make a critical difference. The most common symptoms include:
- Claudication — painful cramping in the legs or hips during walking or exercise that goes away with rest.
- Numbness or weakness in the lower legs or feet.
- Coldness in the lower leg or foot, especially compared to the other side.
- Non-healing sores on the toes, feet, or legs.
- Changes in skin color or shiny skin on the legs.
- Slower toenail growth or hair loss on the feet and legs.
"PAD is often called a silent disease because many patients don't realize they have it until symptoms become severe. Early screening saves limbs — and lives."
Who Is at Risk?
Certain factors significantly increase your likelihood of developing PAD. Understanding these risk factors is the first step toward prevention:
- Smoking — the single greatest risk factor for PAD.
- Diabetes — high blood sugar damages blood vessels over time.
- High blood pressure — puts extra strain on artery walls.
- High cholesterol — contributes to plaque buildup.
- Age — risk increases significantly after age 50.
- Family history of heart disease or vascular conditions.
Modern Treatment Options
The good news is that PAD is highly treatable, especially when caught early. At Vascular Centers of Texas, our interventional radiologists specialize in minimally invasive treatments that restore blood flow without the need for traditional open surgery.
Angioplasty and Stenting
A tiny balloon is inserted into the narrowed artery and inflated to widen it. In many cases, a small mesh tube called a stent is placed to keep the artery open long-term. This outpatient procedure requires no general anesthesia and patients typically go home the same day.
Atherectomy
This procedure uses a specialized catheter to remove plaque directly from the artery walls. It is particularly effective for calcified blockages that may not respond well to balloon angioplasty alone.
Taking the First Step
If you experience leg pain, cramping, or numbness — especially during physical activity — don't wait. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent serious complications, including amputation. Schedule a consultation at our Fort Worth, Houston, or Beaumont locations to discuss your symptoms and explore your treatment options.
